Showing posts with label Chess. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Chess. Show all posts

Monday, January 31, 2011

Chess Lit from Seirawan and Silman






Winning Chess Strategies
by Yasser Seirawan with Jeremy Silman

Reviewed by Aaron DeWeese 

This was an interesting publication, as it is Microsoft Press; meaning that it was first put together on Word. Let me first say that there is an error on page 246 (there's a funny joke about publishers who thought they published an error-less book - they got the title wrong). Some manuals do not "give a King's point count as 3 1/2". Some manuals give a Knight's point count as 3 1/2.

This was the first serious chess book I have read through, and let me tell you, I got my analysis board good and broken-in. The other neophytic chess books I've read have been no where near 257 pages.

As a chess and chess literature newbie, I really learned a lot. I learned of pawn structures; I learned to read the position and know whether to prefer knights or bishops for the endgame; I learned of territory, and of targets.

Seirawan, towards the end, becomes a bit more conversational in his writing; and I like that. He even references a "prose-like" chess work, which I have now forgotten. I wish I had taken notes with a voice recorder, or used a highlighter at least, so that I could look up the books he mentioned. It will take a while to go back through. There was just so much good information; and yet, after every couple of paragraphs, you are given theory to work through on your analysis board.

The diagrams given half-way through notations were really helpful. Many times, I found I had erred. Wishing to glean as much knowledge as I could, I would start over from the beginning anyway.

Seirawan and Silman proved to me with this book that I really enjoy the nightly ritual of chess reading. My 5" magnetic sheesham wood set and I look forward to more.

Friday, January 28, 2011

1 Minute Bullet Game, Titled: "Woman in a Black SUV"

I've not yet read any literature on it, but I'm sure that 1 minute bullet games are somehow beneficial to the chess player.  If nothing else, over time, they give the player an intuitive "feel" for the board — patterns become cerebrally embedded.



I am always angered by players using only the queen, like she was some kind of club-wielding neanderthal (at times, quite surprisingly, this is very effective — maybe I should try it, as it seems a good surprise out-of-the-bush tactic for bullet games). 

Many times, my emotion causes me to fail to logically deal with such daring divas; and in bullet, it is very hard to not make short-sighted emotion-based moves. 

Because of my terrible opening, I nearly was bent to the black queen's will with 5.  ...Qxe5+. 

As you can see, the greedy black queen really stepped in it with 11.  ...Qxa2.

Such are the things that can happen in 2 short minutes of nearly pure chaos.

Monday, January 24, 2011

Straight Up the D File, Now Let Me Tell You

This was a strange game I played, from Round 2 of an online tournament.


I start out with a nice queen-side territorial advantage, and well posted pieces on the king-side.  Things look good for white until 19. Ne5? — a blunder which loses me my d4 pawn.  I reply 20. Rab1, seeing the coming forking of my queen and rook. 

Black loses his material advantage with the blunder 25. ...Bc6 — he should have made the move 25.  ...dxc3.  I use this opportunity to try to further confuse black by capturing has pawn on a5.  I want to get his queen-side rook off of the back rank, because I plan to use it. 

With 29. Rh4 I further distract black, making him think that I'm attempting an attack on his king via the H file.  29.  ...Qxc5 doesn't bother me one bit.  With 30.  Ne4, I hope to sacrifice my knight so that my d1 rook has safe passage to d8.  Black falls for it, and upon doing so, immediately resigns, not wishing further punishment with 31.  ...Re8, 32.  Rxe8+   Qf8  33. Rxf8+   Kxf8, leaving black's army seriously diminished for the endgame.

Sunday, January 23, 2011

Pale, She Stands Alone, Forking All About Her

Hi!  I'm reading chess books pretty heavily and finally seeing my online rating rise above 1200.  To all the other neophytes out there (or sympathetic adepts) , I offer my own humble games, which are at least becoming more interesting to myself.  Feel free to comment. 


I destroyed my own king-side pawn structure in trading material with white, carelessly and kindly opening the G and H files upon my king, whom stands blissfully exposed.  White, in his making haste to attack the black king, did not bother to castle so that his king-side rook could join in.   I remained fairly confident that white's brutish queen would be unable to cause much trouble there by herself — 6.  Qh5+ answered simply  ...g6.

Ironically, when white did frantically attack with more pieces, I had evacuated to an iron defensive position queen-side; and as a result my queen alone was able to capture the pieces that white had miserably fetched into his own forks.  I must say, my dark bishop was a devilishly sly fellow.  With white's queen immobilized in the center, my rooks quickly came to aid the black queen in mating the lonely white monarch.

Sunday, December 26, 2010

Aaron's Chess Library

A picture of the books that I have collected on chess to date.  Most have come from either Goodwill or Mount Sheba rummage in Jupiter, NC.

 I've only read a handful of these books as of yet—slowly working my way through them with a 5" sheesham wood set I just love.  Reviews of the books that I have read can be found here:  Aaron's Book Reviews


I ordered my 5" magnetic set from a guy on eBay.  It shipped from India to NC in less than 2 weeks.  This was before USCF Sales started carrying similar sets.







A list of chess books in the pic above, from left to right: 

How to Play Chess, Kevin Wicker

Winning Chess Strategies, Seirawan, Silman  (I'm currently reading this) 

Square One, Bruce Pandolfini 

Pandolfini's Endgame Course, Pandolfini 

More Chess Openings: Traps and Zaps 2, Pandolfini 

MCO 13, Walter Korn 

An Illustrated Dictionary of Chess, McKay 

A Guide to Chess and Checkers, Mitchell and Reed 

The Complete Chess Player, Reinfeld 

How to Think Ahead in Chess, I.A. Horowitz and Fred Reinfeld 

The Secret of Tactical Chess, Reinfeld 

Chess in a Nutshell, Fred Reinfeld 

Chess for beginners, I.A. Horowitz 

Modern Ideas in the Chess Opening, Fred Reinfeld 

The Bright Side of Chess, Chernev 

How to Win in the Chess Openings, I.A. Horowitz 

New Traps in the Chess Opening, I.A. Horowitz 

The Pan Book of Chess, Gerald Abrahams 

Chess Strategy, Frank Eagan 

New Ideas in Chess, Larry Evans 

Great Chess Upsets, Reshevsky 

Chess Strategy, Lasker 

Common Sense in Chess, Lasker 

How Not to Play Chess, Znosko - Borovsky 

The Middle Game in Chess, Znosko - Borovsky 

Chess the Easy Way, Reuben Fine 

The Mammoth Book of the World's Greatest Chess Games

Bobby Fischer Teaches Chess, Marqulies, Mosenfelder 

My 60 Memorable Games, Bobby Fischer

Sunday, January 3, 2010

Star Trek TNG Chess Advice or How Troi Surprised Data

"A characteristic response to the Kriskoff Gambit is to counter with the El Mitra Exchange, particularly since I have already taken both of your rooks.  By missing that opportunity, you have left your king vulnerable."


"We'll see."


"As you wish, Counselor.  Check.  Intriguing.  You have devised a completely unanticipated response to a classic attack.  You will checkmate my king in seven moves."

"Data, chess isn't just a game of ploys and gambits.  It's a game of intuition."



"Hmm.  You are a challenging opponent, Counselor."


 -- Data and Troi in ST:TNG "Conundrum"

 


Friday, December 18, 2009

Eternity in Ten Forward, Art After War



Ang Kiukok is playing a game of chess with David Carradine who is wearing a tie and smoking a pipe of hash. He looks up bemusedly.

“What is it, to strategically position?", asks Ang Kiukok.

David Carradine
breaks into a shy grin that is somehow shit-eating. After a long pause, he moves a Knight to h4 and looks Ang Kiukok directly in the eye.

“The meaning of strategically position is....Shhh! Do you hear that?  Crickets chirping!”

All ears are strained. Thundering silence. 

“Precisely! The strategical position is within you. It lives within us all.  Yes...we are the strategical position!

Heinrich von Kleist clears his throat from a corner in which he nurses a martini, shaken not stirred.

“There was an Indo-European word root— ster, that meant “to spread things out". The word strategy comes from the Greek word stratos, which simply means "something that is spread out", stratos being the Greek word for army. Think stratosphere, stratify, stratocumulus. The Greek word for general is strategos. The one who practices the science and art of….. planning".

Heinrich von Kleist smiles the smile of complete satisfaction and sips his drink.

Ang Kiukok moves a lone bishop which is haunting the light squares like a damn ol' graveyard ghos' to e6.

“I demand that no one use the word strategy in defining strategically position!”

The Borg Queen fingers the curve of her left bare breast, which is somewhat plum in complexion, giving one the sense that its temperature is that of around 0 °C. She pinches her nipple with thumb and forefinger while gazing upwards in thought.

“The aliens want to conquer Earth, so they devise a plan of action to accomplish that goal.  To do so they don't randomly position their craft over anywhere, they place them over targets which, when hit, will render resistance ineffectual.  That's strategy!  They strategically position their craft to produce a desired outcome when they put their plan into action.  Just putting their craft over “common areas”, or well known “good” squares would not be as effective as putting them in places that compliment their goals.
In that context, strategy is implying clever thought, rather than random placement.”

Henry Kissinger rudely farts, permeating Ten Forward in a strange meaty effluvium that reminds one of processed pork. There is no emotion portrayed by his face. Perhaps a shadow of sadness.

“I applause your excellent Machiavellian parable, Borg Queen!

However, your aliens are somewhat Wellsian in their hypothetical stratagem of hovering around in the sky over nuclear bases and what have you.  I mean to say that your aliens are stratagemically superannuated, nevertheless showing astute ratiocination.  In no way am I discouraging the reading of H.G. Wells.

I'm simply saying that warfare has evolved into something more clandestine since the birth of flight; though admittedly, should you believe in Al-Qaeda, still, you must believe that effectualness lies in retrogradingly simplistic earthbound tactics.  The historicity of terrorism may back this point up.  

Picture a Borg ship being taken down by a caveman with a rock.  But really, do you believe in poverty stricken aliens?  They would have to be indwelling--in the Earth.  They could not afford travel!  Middle Earth, yes, as multitudinous as worms and much less pleasant smelling. The poor always smell, the filthy masses.

Were I a postmodern materialist alien race, I would first gain control of the Earth's elite (not the politicians, the bankers) who in turn control the politicians, media, and thus the masses, despite your silly so-called Capitalism and imagined Democracy.

I then would would fluoridate the water and begin churning out retroviruses such as the XMR virus.  Through various channels of creative destruction, including economic failure by design, false political and moral polarizations (divide and conquer), sickness (helped by FDA stamped GMOs spreading diabetes and cancer) and the never-will-cure-you-pharmaceuticals (the most yield coming from psychotropics and opiate based painkillers), I would end all human desire to live.  I then would land my ship and present myself as the Savior.

I would not make resistance ineffectual.  I would keep you blind to anything to resist.  Unfortunately, not really a plausible plan in chess.”

David Carradine groans and loosens his tie before laying his White King on its side.

Thursday, October 15, 2009

Aaron and Julia's Round 1 Home Chess Event



I recently got my order in from USCF Sales—a vinyl deluxe board, triple-weighted pieces, tournament bag, score book, and wooden analog chess clock. A couple of days later Chess.com and USCF Sales send me coupons in honor of National Chess Day for use on my next order. Poo! I'm broke and need nothing else from them, now!

Mayhaps a digital chess clock one day, if one day they manufacture one that looks not like it was produced from under a bow-tie wearing Cornell University Electrical Engineering student from the early 1970s.

By the way, Bruce Cheney (unknown to me if he is related to the Obama, Bush, Kerry, Cheney blood-line, though probably) invented the 1st digital chess clock. I might note that they are now used in Scrabble tournaments and Magic the Gathering Online, not to mention numerous other 2 player games.

Tonight my girlfriend Julia and I played a 15 minute game and gave keeping score via algebraic notation a first try. Julia gave it up after move 22, so naturally my clock ran out. We played through anyway.

I forgot to mention, I got an awesome Chess applique from eBay for my tournament bag! It depicts a Knight with the statement "Checkmate".

After a bit more practice writing out notation, as well as a bit more chess reading, I plan to check out my local Chess Club here in my city!


Friday, June 19, 2009

Chess Essay by Donald MacMurray, Mathematician

I wish to share something that I think you will enjoy very much--an essay on Chess Etiquette. It is by the chess player and mathematician Donald MacMurray, who was a very promising master who died at a tragically early age. The essay was printed in the first issue of "Chess Review".

The Gentle Art of Annoying


"AS EVERYONE KNOWS, THE WORST THING THAT CAN HAPPEN to a chess player is to lose a game. Because this is so, it is evident that what the chess public needs is a method of winning easily without first mastering the difficult and unnecessary technique of making good moves.

"To begin with, you must realize clearly that your principal object is to disturb your opponent as much as possible in order to distract his attention from the game. Of the numerous ways of accomplishing this, the easiest and most common is talking.

"Talking to annoy may be done in several ways. You may, for example, talk to your opponent, either pointing out bad moves to him, or making any other misleading remark about the position. If your opponent so much as comes near to touching a piece it is always disconcerting to say sternly 'Touch--move.' If this involves you in an argument with him, so much the better for your chances of upsetting his train of thought.

"An example from actual experience will serve to demonstrate the practicability of this piece of advice. Several years ago, in the interscholastic championship tournament in New York, there arose an endgame position where White, who was on the defensive, had only one way of saving the game, to wit, by pushing a certain Pawn. He permitted his hand to hover over the Pawn, without touching it, whereupon Black cried gleefully, 'You touched it!' White denied the charge vigorously, and, when the referee finally decided the fight in his favor, triumphantly proceeded to move another piece, thus losing the game.

"You may also talk to the kibitzers, preferably discussing the previous game with them so heatedly that you draw your opponent into the argument, and so take his mind completely off whatever he was considering.

"If you like, you may talk to yourself. Every chess club boasts at least one genius of the talk-to-yourself school. Curiously enough, the favorite method of these experts is the recitation of nonsense rhymes. The eminent champion of the West has great success in declaiming passages from Lewis Carroll's "Hunting of the Snark"; while one of the most prominent American professionals has confided to me that about half of his yearly income is derived from the recitation, at critical points in his games, of "Mary Had a Little Lamb".

"Another ready means of annoying which you have at your disposal is music. There are several different ways of employing music for this purpose. If you are a timid player, you may try humming, which is the most unobtrusive of the lot, and the least likely to call forth rebuke, but which, when raised to high pitch and accompanied by the gestures of a conductor, will throw your opponent entirely off his game.

"As your courage waxes, you will find a shrill, piercing whistle more effective than even the most artistic humming. The tune must be one far too difficult to be whistled correctly, so that it will sound at best like an undecided peanut-roaster.

"Finally, being carried away by the beauty of your noises, you may break into full song, accompanying yourself as before, with appropriate gestures, or else by tapping in time with your feet.

"If you do not happen to be musically inclined, you will still find a big field open to you in drumming and tapping, either with hands or feet. This is one of the best ways known to induce your opponent to make a hasty move, and is favored by nearly all of the masters who have no confidence in their singing voices.

"Other great resources which you possess are coughing, sneezing, and blowing your nose during the progress of the game. These are to be used freely, especially during the wintertime, both as a general distraction and to instill in you adversary the fear of germs.

"Similarly, when your opponent does not move quickly enough to suit you (and if you are a right-minded chess-player, this should be nearly all the time), you should first heave a sigh, then yawn and look at your watch, and finally groan mournfully.

"A large class of nuisances not yet touched upon comprises those which aim at distracting the visual attention of the enemy. Of these, the one most highly sanctioned for your adoption is the system of blowing smoke rings across the board. This is useful, not only because it obscures the position, but also because it will surely get into your opponent's eyes or choke him, and thus put him completely at your mercy.

"Another annoyance of this type is adjusting pieces which you would like your opponent to take, or else pieces which are on the other side of the board from where your threat is.

"If you habitually rest your head on your hand, be certain to keep your elbow constantly on the edge of the board, shifting its position from time to time so as to be always concealing under it at least two or three important squares.

"As the evening wears on, you may resort to stretching, in doing which you should take care to fling at least one arm all the way across the board.

"Whenever you have what you think is a fairly good position, rock your chair back and forth on its hind legs, assuming meanwhile a complacent attitude, with your thumbs in your vest-pockets, as much as to say, 'Why do you not resign, you duffer?'

"There is only one more kind of disturbance worth mentioning. Although it is infrequent of occurrence, and, when it does happen, it is entirely accidental, it is as upsetting as anything else. It is making a strong move."



That was great wasn't it?! I might point out that being a pipe-smoking female is a good distraction too!

Photobucket

Monday, June 15, 2009

Classic Chess Literature, or The Books of Wood Pushing + Hot Women Chess Players


I have accumulated this chess book list from a handful of different sources which include Jeremy Silman and Natalia Pogonina. Also, I am making revisions as I come across more great chess titles.

Currently, I, with my 5" Sheesham wood magnetic pocket set, am reading WINNING CHESS STRATEGIES by Yasser Seirawan with Jeremy Silman.

Here we go!

M. Dvoretsky - all his books!

MY 50 YEARS OF CHESS by Frank Marshall

RUNNING THE GAUNTLET by Alan C. Waite

MASTERING THE CHESS OPENINGS VOL. 1 & 2 by John Watson

LOGICAL CHESS: MOVE BY MOVE by Irving Chernov

NUNN'S CHESS OPENINGS NCO by John Nunn, Joe Gallagher, John Emms, and Graham Burgess

MODERN CHESS OPENINGS: MCO 15th Edition by Nick De Firmian

500 MASTER GAMES OF CHESS by Dr. S. Tartakower

THE CHESS COMPANION by Irving Chernev

PACHMAN’S DECISIVE GAMES (Pitman, 1975), later published by Dover as DECISIVE GAMES IN CHESS HISTORY by Pachman

CHESS FOR FUN AND CHESS FOR BLOOD by Edward Lasker (1942)

MY BEST CHESS GAMES by Anatoly Karpov

THE GREAT CHESS MASTERS AND THEIR GAME (1952)

STEPS by Viktor Bologan

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF CHESS ENDINGS by Alexander N Panchenko

PSYCHOLOGY OF THE CHESS PLAYER by Reuben Fine

CHESS PROBLEMS by Nikolai Shumilin

64 LESSONS OF MASTERSHIP by Sergei Rublevsky

THE BATTLE OF CHESS IDEAS by Anthony Saidy (1972)

CHESS FUNDAMENTALS by Jose Raul Capablanca

MY SYSTEM by Aron Nimzowitsch

THE ZURICH INTERNATIONAL CHESS TOURNAMENT 1953 by David Bronstein

LASKER'S MANUAL OF CHESS by Emanuel Lasker

NOTES OF THE CHESS SECOND (aka "From London to Elista") by Evgeny Bareev and Ilya Levitov

MODERN IDEAS IN CHESS by Richard Reti

MY 60 MEMORABLE GAMES by Bobby Fischer

MY GREAT PREDECESSORS by Gary Kasparov

CHESS OPENINGS by Rueben Fine

I do not own all of these books (as my Chess.com rating proves), though rest assured that I will be seeking them out on eBay and the such.

I have actually read:
Chess In A Nutshell by Fred Reinfeld
Chess For Beginners by Al Horowitz
Bobby Fischer Teaches Chess by Stuart Margulies and Donn Mosenfelder
Reviews of these 3 and other books I have read may be found here:
http://www.librarything.com/profile/endersreads


Robert Pearson's Chess Blog recently posted a link to the "hottest chess pic". I offer you my two candidates:

Very classy!(Unknown)Photobucket

Grandmaster Alexandra Kosteniuk comes to the heart of beauty.Photobucket



Alas, I leave you with a poem:
Chess by Jorge Luis Borges

1
In their solemn corner, the players
govern the lingering pieces. The chessboard
delays them until daybreak in its severe
sphere in which colors are hateful.
Inside they radiate magical severity
the forms: Homeric tower, light
horse, armed queen, last king,
oblique bishop and attacking pawns.
When the players will have gone,
when time will have consumed them,
certainly the ritual will have not ceased.
In the Orient this war was lit
which amphitheater is today all the earth.
As the other, this game is infinite.
2
Fainting king, slanting bishop, fierce
queen, straightforward tower and cunning pawn
on the black and white path
searching and fighting their armed battle.
They ignore the player’s pointing hand
governs his destiny,
they ignore that a tamed severity
holds his will and day.
The player is himself a prisoner
(the sentence is Omar’s) of another board
of dark nights and light days.
God moves the player, and he, the chess piece.
Which God behind God begins the conspiracy
of dust and time and dream and agony?
Translated by Blanca Lista.

Monday, June 8, 2009

Bobby Fischer Teaches Chess



Let us be first aware that Bobby Fischer did not write this book. He allowed for the use of his name. The authors are Stuart Margulies and Donn Mosenfelder, both of Educational Design, Inc.

You will not need your pocket set for this book, only a pencil. Each page contains a diagram in which you are asked to find the best move, show the first move in a combination, et cetera. I hated to write in a book, but went ahead with it anyway, as the alternative would be overly complicated.

The entire book concentrates on Endgame alone. The first half of the book I breezed through in about a half hour--very simple problems. When you are finished you turn the book upside down and begin from the back of the last page, which is now the front of the 1st page, 2nd half... These take quite a bit more thought.

I liked the fact that you must visualize the moves, as you would in an actual game. This takes some practice. I learned some new chess lingo here: Interposition, Displacing, Driving away... I know that I will indeed be better at mating--something I very much needed a firmer grasp of.

It is true that there are much better books on Endgame out there, and that this book is even at first misrepresenting of itself. Bobby Fischer does manage to write a couple of sentences (and I mean 2). Also, in the introduction the two authors introduce themselves and explain their learning technique, which may not be groundbreaking, but is novel. I enjoyed picking up the book and a pencil and working problems at my leisure without the need of my pocket set. However, I am now ready to trade in my pencil for my beautiful 5" Sheesham pocket set back after this unique experience in chess reading.

By the way, I kept an honest record of problems that I got wrong--39 out of 300-something. A testament to the book's overall novice level.

Friday, May 22, 2009

GG & Social Twittings in Online Chess


We've all encountered the "want to cyber?" perverts, the drunken railings, the rude arrogance, the childish prattling, the disruptive chattering in Live Chess (a valid strategic tactic). There are even those who proclaim you rude for your silence (isn't a diplomatic greeting enough in the way of social etiquette?). Pardon me, I'm busy trying to mate your king, not you.

I completely understand those who have chosen the silence of disabled chat, though even that seems a bit rude.

I wish to share something that I think you will enjoy very much--an essay on Chess Etiquette. It is by the chess player and mathematician Donald MacMurray, who was a very promising master who died at a tragically early age. The essay was printed in the first issue of Chess Review.


The Gentle Art of Annoying



"AS EVERYONE KNOWS, THE WORST THING THAT CAN HAPPEN to a chess player is to lose a game. Because this is so, it is evident that what the chess public needs is a method of winning easily without first mastering the difficult and unnecessary technique of making good moves.

"To begin with, you must realize clearly that your principal object is to disturb your opponent as much as possible in order to distract his attention from the game. Of the numerous ways of accomplishing this, the easiest and most common is talking.

"Talking to annoy may be done in several ways. You may, for example, talk to your opponent, either pointing out bad moves to him, or making any other misleading remark about the position. If your opponent so much as comes near to touching a piece it is always disconcerting to say sternly 'Touch--move.' If this involves you in an argument with him, so much the better for your chances of upsetting his train of thought.

"An example from actual experience will serve to demonstrate the practicability of this piece of advice. Several years ago, in the interscholastic championship tournament in New York, there arose an endgame position where White, who was on the defensive, had only one way of saving the game, to wit, by pushing a certain Pawn. He permitted his hand to hover over the Pawn, without touching it, whereupon Black cried gleefully, 'You touched it!' White denied the charge vigorously, and, when the referee finally decided the fight in his favor, triumphantly proceeded to move another piece, thus losing the game.

"You may also talk to the kibitzers, preferably discussing the previous game with them so heatedly that you draw your opponent into the argument, and so take his mind completely off whatever he was considering.

"If you like, you may talk to yourself. Every chess club boasts at least one genius of the talk-to-yourself school. Curiously enough, the favorite method of these experts is the recitation of nonsense rhymes. The eminent champion of the West has great success in declaiming passages from Lewis Carroll's Hunting of the Snark; while one of the most prominent American professionals has confided to me that about half of his yearly income is derived from the recitation, at critical points in his games, of Mary Had a Little Lamb.

"Another ready means of annoying which you have at your disposal is music. There are several different ways of employing music for this purpose. If you are a timid player, you may try humming, which is the most unobtrusive of the lot, and the least likely to call forth rebuke, but which, when raised to high pitch and accompanied by the gestures of a conductor, will throw your opponent entirely off his game.

"As your courage waxes, you will find a shrill, piercing whistle more effective than even the most artistic humming. The tune must be one far too difficult to be whistled correctly, so that it will sound at best like an undecided peanut-roaster.

"Finally, being carried away by the beauty of your noises, you may break into full song, accompanying yourself as before, with appropriate gestures, or else by tapping in time with your feet.

"If you do not happen to be musically inclined, you will still find a big field open to you in drumming and tapping, either with hands or feet. This is one of the best ways known to induce your opponent to make a hasty move, and is favored by nearly all of the masters who have no confidence in their singing voices.

"Other great resources which you possess are coughing, sneezing, and blowing your nose during the progress of the game. These are to be used freely, especially during the wintertime, both as a general distraction and to instill in you adversary the fear of germs.

"Similarly, when your opponent does not move quickly enough to suit you (and if you are a right-minded chess-player, this should be nearly all the time), you should first heave a sigh, then yawn and look at your watch, and finally groan mournfully.

"A large class of nuisances not yet touched upon comprises those which aim at distracting the visual attention of the enemy. Of these, the one most highly sanctioned for your adoption is the system of blowing smoke rings across the board. This is useful, not only because it obscures the position, but also because it will surely get into your opponent's eyes or choke him, and thus put him completely at your mercy.

"Another annoyance of this type is adjusting pieces which you would like your opponent to take, or else pieces which are on the other side of the board from where your threat is.

"If you habitually rest your head on your hand, be certain to keep your elbow constantly on the edge of the board, shifting its position from time to time so as to be always concealing under it at least two or three important squares.

"As the evening wears on, you may resort to stretching, in doing which you should take care to fling at least one arm all the way across the board.

"Whenever you have what you think is a fairly good position, rock your chair back and forth on its hind legs, assuming meanwhile a complacent attitude, with your thumbs in your vest-pockets, as much as to say, 'Why do you not resign, you duffer?'

"There is only one more kind of disturbance worth mentioning. Although it is infrequent of occurrence, and, when it does happen, it is entirely accidental, it is as upsetting as anything else. It is making a strong move."